Question 1

The human body typically begins to be colonized by its normal biota

Accepted Answer

A)   before birth, in utero.
B)   during and immediately after birth.
C)   when a child first goes to school.
D)   when an infant gets its first infectious disease.
E)   during puberty.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 2

Most of the skin's resident biota are found in the uppermost, superficial layers of the epidermis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Each of the following bring about inoculation of normal biota to a newborn except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the birth process through the birth canal
B)   bottle feeding
C)   breast feeding
D)   contact with hospital staff
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D) E

Question 4

________ are bacterial enzymes that dissolve fibrin clots.

Accepted Answer

A)   Coagulases
B)   Mucinases
C)   Keratinases
D)   Kinases
E)   HyaluronidasesF) C) and E)
G) A) and C) D

Question 5

All infectious diseases ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   are contagious
B)   occur only in humans
C)   are caused by microorganisms or their products
D)   are caused by vectors
E)   involve viruses as the pathogenF) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

What is one goal of the Human Microbiota Project?

Accepted Answer

A)   To sequence the DNA of all microorganisms
B)   To study the prevalence of disease
C)   To study microorganisms in their natural habitat
D)   To provide comprehensive characterization of microbiota relating to human health and disease
E)   To discover new organisms in extreme habitatsF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

The effect of "good" microbes against invading microbes is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   microbial antagonism
B)   endogenous infection
C)   infectious disease
D)   axenic
E)   gnotobiotismF) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

Mucinase has the greatest effect on the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory system
B)   gastrointestinal system
C)   urinary system
D)   genital system
E)   skinF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

Under certain circumstances, members of a person's resident biota can become opportunistic pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is not a factor that weakens host defenses against infections?

Accepted Answer

A)   Genetic defects in immunity
B)   Physical and mental stress
C)   Strong, healthy body
D)   Chemotherapy
E)   Old ageF) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 11

As the RN, you document the care and assessment of the patient in the chart prior to transfer to an inpatient unit. What is the most appropriate term for the clinical manifestations of disease as noted in your assessment?

Accepted Answer

A)   Signs
B)   Symptoms
C)   Syndromes
D)   Signs and symptomsE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following is not an antiphagocytic factor?

Accepted Answer

A)   Secretion of slime
B)   Production of leukocidins
C)   Adhering to the host
D)   Secretion of a capsule
E)   Ability to survive intracellularlyF) A) and B)
G) A) and C) C

Question 13

Latency is a dormant state of an infectious agent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Nowadays, HIV infection is considered a chronic disease, rather than the death sentence it was when it first emerged in the 1980s. Educational strategies to limit transmission, coupled with advances in treatment, means that compared to 1985,

Accepted Answer

A)   the incidence has dropped and the prevalence has increased.
B)   the incidence has increased and the prevalence has dropped.
C)   both incidence and prevalence have increased.
D)   both incidence and prevalence have dropped.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

An endotoxin is

Accepted Answer

A)   secreted by pathogenic organisms.
B)   indicative of gram-negative organisms.
C)   indicative of gram-positive organisms.
D)   indicative of fungal infections.
E)   indicative of viral infections.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 16

The subjective evidence of disease sensed by the patient is termed a(n)  ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   syndrome
B)   symptom
C)   sign
D)   pathology
E)   inflammationF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

Microbial hyaluronidase, coagulase, and streptokinase are examples of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   adhesive factors
B)   exotoxins
C)   hemolysins
D)   antiphagocytic factors
E)   exoenzymesF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Fomites, food, and air serve as indirect transmission routes of pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

An inanimate object that harbors and transmits a pathogen is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   fomite
B)   carrier
C)   vector
D)   reservoir
E)   sourceF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Tooth decay develops when human saliva and proteins aggregate on the tooth and provide a hospitable surface for a range of microbial species to develop into a biofilm. These organisms ferment carbohydrates and the acid byproducts erode the enamel, forming caries. Tooth decay is therefore considered to be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a polymicrobial infection
B)   a state of well-being
C)   nonharmful
D)   noninfectiousE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 11: Interactions Between Microbes and Humans

The human body typically begins to be colonized by its normal biota

Correct Answer
verified

Most of the skin's resident biota are found in the uppermost, superficial layers of the epidermis.

Correct Answer
verified

Each of the following bring about inoculation of normal biota to a newborn except ________.

Correct Answer
verified
E

________ are bacterial enzymes that dissolve fibrin clots.

Correct Answer
verified
D

All infectious diseases ________.

Correct Answer
verified

What is one goal of the Human Microbiota Project?

Correct Answer
verified

The effect of "good" microbes against invading microbes is called ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Mucinase has the greatest effect on the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Under certain circumstances, members of a person's resident biota can become opportunistic pathogens.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a factor that weakens host defenses against infections?

Correct Answer
verified

As the RN, you document the care and assessment of the patient in the chart prior to transfer to an inpatient unit. What is the most appropriate term for the clinical manifestations of disease as noted in your assessment?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not an antiphagocytic factor?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Latency is a dormant state of an infectious agent.

Correct Answer
verified

Nowadays, HIV infection is considered a chronic disease, rather than the death sentence it was when it first emerged in the 1980s. Educational strategies to limit transmission, coupled with advances in treatment, means that compared to 1985,

Correct Answer
verified

An endotoxin is

Correct Answer
verified

The subjective evidence of disease sensed by the patient is termed a(n) ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Microbial hyaluronidase, coagulase, and streptokinase are examples of ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Fomites, food, and air serve as indirect transmission routes of pathogens.

Correct Answer
verified

An inanimate object that harbors and transmits a pathogen is a ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 11: Interactions Between Microbes and Humans

The human body typically begins to be colonized by its normal biota

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the skin's resident biota are found in the uppermost, superficial layers of the epidermis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following bring about inoculation of normal biota to a newborn except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedE

________ are bacterial enzymes that dissolve fibrin clots.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

All infectious diseases ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one goal of the Human Microbiota Project?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The effect of "good" microbes against invading microbes is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mucinase has the greatest effect on the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Under certain circumstances, members of a person's resident biota can become opportunistic pathogens.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a factor that weakens host defenses against infections?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the RN, you document the care and assessment of the patient in the chart prior to transfer to an inpatient unit. What is the most appropriate term for the clinical manifestations of disease as noted in your assessment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not an antiphagocytic factor?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Latency is a dormant state of an infectious agent.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nowadays, HIV infection is considered a chronic disease, rather than the death sentence it was when it first emerged in the 1980s. Educational strategies to limit transmission, coupled with advances in treatment, means that compared to 1985,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An endotoxin is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The subjective evidence of disease sensed by the patient is termed a(n) ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microbial hyaluronidase, coagulase, and streptokinase are examples of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fomites, food, and air serve as indirect transmission routes of pathogens.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An inanimate object that harbors and transmits a pathogen is a ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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E

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D

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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C

Correct Answer
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