Question 1

The virulence factors of a pathogen are established by how strong or weak a patient's body defenses are at the time of infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is not a method of adhesion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fimbriae
B)   Surface proteins
C)   Specialized receptors
D)   Adhesive slime or capsules
E)   CiliaF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

Which of the following is a direct contact method of microbe transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fomites
B)   Water
C)   Vectors
D)   Aerosols
E)   DropletsF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 4

________ carriers are shedding and transmitting pathogens a long time after they have recovered from an infectious disease.

Accepted Answer

A)   Asymptomatic
B)   Passive
C)   Incubation
D)   Chronic
E)   ConvalescentF) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

Septicemia means that a pathogen is present and multiplying in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

All of the following statements are true regarding discoveries made by the Human Microbiome Project except

Accepted Answer

A)   the genes coded by our microbiome number in the millions, whereas human cells contain approximately 21,000 genes.
B)   areas of the body once believed to be sterile, are now known to harbor microbes.
C)   the microbiota does not contain pathogens; all of the microbes in our microbiome are non-pathogenic.
D)   the composition of the microbiome has implications for the development of other, non-infectious diseases such as diabetes, obesity and asthma.
E)   bacteria, as well as viruses and fungi, make up the microbiome.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Upon admission to the inpatient unit, a respiratory sputum culture and blood culture are sent. Prior to obtaining the blood culture, you provide education to the patient. Which of the following statements, by the patient, best demonstrates understanding of the rationale for the blood culture?

Accepted Answer

A)   "The blood culture will be able to determine which bacterium is causing the infection in my lungs."
B)   "The blood culture will be able to determine which virus is causing the infection in my lungs."
C)   "The blood culture will be able to determine if the microbe causing the infection is present and multiplying in my blood, putting me at risk for septicemia."
D)   "The blood culture will be able to determine if the infection has infected other body tissues."E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Animals that participate in the life cycles of pathogens and transmit pathogens from host to host are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   fomites
B)   aerosols
C)   mechanical vectors
D)   droplet nuclei
E)   biological vectorsF) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Exotoxins are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   proteins.
B)   only released after a cell is damaged or lysed.
C)   antiphagocytic factors.
D)   secretions that always target nervous tissue.
E)   lipopolysaccharides.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

________ carriers are shedding and transmitting pathogens while they are recovering from an infectious disease.

Accepted Answer

A)   Asymptomatic
B)   Passive
C)   Incubation
D)   Chronic
E)   ConvalescentF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

As the infectious disease RN, you are familiar with the concept of normal biota. A positive Escherichia coli culture would be unremarkable for which of the following samples?

Accepted Answer

A)   Stool
B)   Sputum
C)   Blood
D)   Cerebrospinal fluidE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 12

The initial, brief period of early, general symptoms such as fatigue and muscle aches is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   prodromal stage
B)   convalescent stage
C)   incubation period
D)   period of invasion
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 13

Long-term or permanent damage to tissues or organs resulting from a specific disease are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   symptoms
B)   sequelae
C)   infections
D)   latencies
E)   dormanciesF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

The stage of an infectious disease when specific signs and symptoms are seen and the pathogen is at peak activity is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   prodromal stage
B)   convalescent stage
C)   incubation period
D)   period of invasion
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

The intermediary object or individual from which the infectious agent is actually acquired is termed the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   fomite
B)   carrier
C)   vector
D)   reservoir
E)   sourceF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following is the endotoxin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hemolysin
B)   Hyaluronidase
C)   Streptokinase
D)   Collagenase
E)   LipopolysaccharideF) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 17

Resident biota are found in/on the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   skin
B)   mouth
C)   nasal passages
D)   large intestine
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

The objective, measurable evidence of disease evaluated by an observer is termed a(n)  ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   syndrome
B)   symptom
C)   sign
D)   pathology
E)   inflammationF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Leukopenia is the ________ in the level of white blood cells in a patient.

Accepted Answer

A)   elevation
B)   stabilization
C)   decreaseD) A) and B)
E) None of the above

Question 20

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fimbriae - adherence to substrate
B)   Capsules - antiphagocytic factor
C)   Coagulase - dissolve fibrin clots
D)   Leukocidins - damage white blood cells
E)   Hemolysins - damage red blood cellsF) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Exam 11: Interactions Between Microbes and Humans

________ carriers are shedding and transmitting pathogens a long time after they have recovered from an infectious disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ carriers are shedding and transmitting pathogens while they are recovering from an infectious disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Exotoxins are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the infectious disease RN, you are familiar with the concept of normal biota. A positive Escherichia coli culture would be unremarkable for which of the following samples?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The stage of an infectious disease when specific signs and symptoms are seen and the pathogen is at peak activity is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Septicemia means that a pathogen is present and multiplying in the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Animals that participate in the life cycles of pathogens and transmit pathogens from host to host are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Leukopenia is the ________ in the level of white blood cells in a patient.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following statements are true regarding discoveries made by the Human Microbiome Project except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Resident biota are found in/on the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Upon admission to the inpatient unit, a respiratory sputum culture and blood culture are sent. Prior to obtaining the blood culture, you provide education to the patient. Which of the following statements, by the patient, best demonstrates understanding of the rationale for the blood culture?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Long-term or permanent damage to tissues or organs resulting from a specific disease are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The virulence factors of a pathogen are established by how strong or weak a patient's body defenses are at the time of infection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The initial, brief period of early, general symptoms such as fatigue and muscle aches is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The intermediary object or individual from which the infectious agent is actually acquired is termed the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a direct contact method of microbe transmission?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a method of adhesion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The objective, measurable evidence of disease evaluated by an observer is termed a(n) ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the endotoxin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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