Question 1

All of the chemical reactions of the cell are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   catabolism
B)   redox reactions
C)   phosphorylation
D)   metabolism
E)   cellular respirationF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

Catabolic reactions are coupled with ATP ________, whereas anabolic reactions are coupled with ATP ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   synthesis; hydrolysis
B)   hydrolysis; synthesis
C)   amphibolism; repression
D)   deamination; beta oxidationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The fermentation process always produces alcohol as at least one of its products.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In a bacterial cell, the genes that code for enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of an unusual carbohydrate source would be turned off unless that carbohydrate was the only fuel source available in the media, in which case ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the genes coding for the hydrolytic enzymes would be induced
B)   the genes coding for the hydrolytic enzymes would be repressed
C)   the genes coding for the hydrolytic enzymes would be constitutive
D)   the enzymes would be denaturedE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

As the electron transport carriers shuttle electrons, they actively pump ________ into the outer membrane compartment setting up a concentration gradient called the proton motive force.

Accepted Answer

A)   ATP
B)   phosphate
C)   hydrogen ions
D)   oxygen
E)   NADHF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

The RN prepares to initiate IV fluid therapy for the patient. Knowing the importance of cellular energy production, which of the following maintenance IV fluids would be most appropriate for the physician to order?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.9% sodium chloride
B)   Lactated ringers
C)   0.45% sodium chloride
D)   0.9% sodium chloride with dextroseE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Fermentation ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   requires an organic electron acceptor
B)   requires oxygen
C)   only occurs in aerobic organisms
D)   can be equivalent to aerobic respiration in ATP production
E)   is the same as anaerobic respirationF) None of the above
G) All of the above

Question 8

Enzymes that are only produced when substrate is present are termed ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   exoenzymes
B)   endoenzymes
C)   constitutive enzymes
D)   induced enzymes
E)   conjugated enzymesF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

The hydrolysis of two ATP molecules at the start of glycolysis is analogous to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   striking a match to ignite a pile of burning firewood
B)   combining butter, sugar, flour and eggs to make a cake
C)   building a house
D)   kicking a soccer ball and scoring a goalE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

The property of organisms to integrate catabolic and anabolic pathways to improve cell efficiency is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   metabolism
B)   amphibolism
C)   anabolism
D)   catabolism
E)   biosynthesisF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

The carrier molecules in the electron transport chain that have a tightly bound metal atom responsible for accepting and donating electrons are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   NAD+
B)   FAD
C)   NADH
D)   cytochromes
E)   flavoproteinsF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

Each NADH that enters the electron transport system gives rise to a maximum of ________ ATP.

Accepted Answer

A)   2
B)   3
C)   24
D)   36
E)   38F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Exergonic reactions ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   include synthesis of large carbohydrates
B)   only occur in heterotrophs
C)   release energy
D)   do not occur in anaerobic cellular respiration
E)   occur when ADP binds to inorganic phosphate to form ATPF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Building block molecules for biosynthetic pathways come from the cell's catabolic pathways and from the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Each of the following are denaturing agents except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   high temperature
B)   low temperature
C)   high pH
D)   low pH
E)   All of the choices are correctF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

Denaturing an apoenzyme will destroy the three-dimensional shape of the protein, making it nonfunctional.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

When glucose is broken down by glycolysis during bacterial fermentation, how many ATP are generated?

Accepted Answer

A)   2 ATP
B)   3 ATP
C)   24 ATP
D)   36 ATP
E)   38 ATPF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 18

The RN instructs the patient that although bacterial cells can also undergo aerobic respiration, they differ from eukaryotic cells in that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   they make less ATP in this process than eukaryotic cells
B)   the Krebs cycle takes place in the mitochondrion in these cells
C)   glycolysis takes place in the mitochondrion in these cells
D)   the electron transport chain is present in the plasma membrane of these cellsE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Most electron carriers are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   coenzymes
B)   enzymes
C)   hydrogens
D)   inorganic phosphates
E)   polysaccharidesF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 20

The organism sample is further tested and found to grow in the absence of oxygen. Which of three main pathways of catabolism may this organism utilize to produce energy under these circumstances?

Accepted Answer

A)   Aerobic respiration and fermentation
B)   Anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration
C)   Fermentation and anaerobic respiration
D)   Aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 7: Microbial Metabolism

Exergonic reactions ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Enzymes that are only produced when substrate is present are termed ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organism sample is further tested and found to grow in the absence of oxygen. Which of three main pathways of catabolism may this organism utilize to produce energy under these circumstances?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each NADH that enters the electron transport system gives rise to a maximum of ________ ATP.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The RN instructs the patient that although bacterial cells can also undergo aerobic respiration, they differ from eukaryotic cells in that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fermentation process always produces alcohol as at least one of its products.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the electron transport carriers shuttle electrons, they actively pump ________ into the outer membrane compartment setting up a concentration gradient called the proton motive force.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a bacterial cell, the genes that code for enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of an unusual carbohydrate source would be turned off unless that carbohydrate was the only fuel source available in the media, in which case ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Catabolic reactions are coupled with ATP ________, whereas anabolic reactions are coupled with ATP ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Building block molecules for biosynthetic pathways come from the cell's catabolic pathways and from the environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fermentation ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hydrolysis of two ATP molecules at the start of glycolysis is analogous to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The carrier molecules in the electron transport chain that have a tightly bound metal atom responsible for accepting and donating electrons are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The RN prepares to initiate IV fluid therapy for the patient. Knowing the importance of cellular energy production, which of the following maintenance IV fluids would be most appropriate for the physician to order?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The property of organisms to integrate catabolic and anabolic pathways to improve cell efficiency is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following are denaturing agents except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When glucose is broken down by glycolysis during bacterial fermentation, how many ATP are generated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the chemical reactions of the cell are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Denaturing an apoenzyme will destroy the three-dimensional shape of the protein, making it nonfunctional.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most electron carriers are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Catabolic reactions are coupled with ATP , whereas anabolic reactions are coupled with ATP .

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