Question 1

Which of the following is the best example of altruistic behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   Julie puts a dollar in the church collection basket because everyone else donates.
B)   Lexy volunteers at her son's school to help out his class.
C)   Robert anonymously donates a kidney to a twenty-year-old accident victim he will never meet.
D)   Lou helps his wife with the dishes in the hopes that she'll cook dinner more often.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Why are many biologists skeptical about the concept of group selection?

Accepted Answer

A)   Classic evolutionary theory proposes that the processes of natural selection operate only at the individual, not the group level.
B)   Humans have not lived in groups for very long in their evolutionary history.
C)   Evolutionary theory does not have any interest in examining the concept of altruism.
D)   Evolutionary theory believes it does an adequate job of explaining altruism with concepts such as rewards and costs.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

To ensure that community service participation for a school or job does not undermine people's intrinsic motivation for helping, an administrator should do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   try to ensure that the venue for helping is in the venue of a person's expertise
B)   try to ensure that people are helping strangers rather than friends
C)   try to ensure that people feel that their help is voluntary
D)   try to ensure that people notice the need for help by clearly defining the situationE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

In explaining the process by which kin selection works to encourage altruism, evolutionary psychologists would argue that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Helpers consciously consider "biological importance" before helping.
B)   Norms have arisen to replace ingrained human behavior.
C)   Over millennia, the genes of those who follow the "biological importance" rule will survive.
D)   The "biological importance" rule is used only in life-and-death situations.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

According to evolutionary theory (Darwin, 1859) , natural selection favors genes that promote individual survival. This tenet is most troublesome in explaining __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   aggression
B)   altruism
C)   prosocial behavior
D)   the protection of the youngE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Based on evidence from studies presented in the chapter on evolutionary explanations of helping behavior, whom would you be the most likely to help if she had just spilled the contents of her purse?

Accepted Answer

A)   your friend
B)   your cousin
C)   your sister
D)   You would be equally likely to help anyone.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 7

In a study by Isen and Levin (1972)  they found that people who had found 10 cents in a pay phone were more likely to help another person when the opportunity presented itself. They believed this happened because when you feel good, you are more likely to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   feel empathy
B)   do good
C)   share your wealth
D)   feel guilty about your good fortuneE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Whereas __________ is any act performed to benefit another, __________ is such an act performed with no regard for one's safety or interests.

Accepted Answer

A)   altruism; prosocial behavior
B)   prosocial behavior; self-help
C)   prosocial behavior; altruism
D)   altruism; self-sacrificeE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Based on information about the urban overload hypothesis, where would you be more likely to receive help finding a lost child?

Accepted Answer

A)   a major city
B)   a moderately sized city
C)   any sized city during the day
D)   rural or small townsE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 10

The authors of your text explain that there are three main motives for helping others. They are __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   evolutionary, kinship selection, and cognitive dissonance
B)   evolutionary, cognitive dissonance, and empathy-altruism
C)   evolutionary, empathy-altruism, and social exchange
D)   empathy-altruism, social exchange, and cognitive dissonanceE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

A child starts to cry after she sees her best friend trip and scrape her knee. The child's behavior is most likely an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   fear
B)   confusion
C)   empathy
D)   shameE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Pluralistic ignorance is most likely to discourage intervention in an emergency when __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the situation is ambiguous
B)   victims are dissimilar to the witnesses
C)   experts show the appropriate form of assistance
D)   an emergency occurs in an urban settingE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 13

According to Latané and Darley (1970) , the first step in deciding to help in an emergency is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   pluralistic ignorance
B)   noticing the event
C)   knowing what to do
D)   taking responsibilityE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 14

In which of the following situations is Nathan, a local Christian pastor, most likely to help out?

Accepted Answer

A)   Phoebe, a non-believer, single-mom who can't make enough money to support herself
B)   Thai, a single Christian male who lost everything in a fire
C)   Mikaela, a non-believer, elderly woman who needs support in her old age
D)   Kendall, a Mormon who has just lost his homeE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Dima just finished listening to a charity album filled with songs about helping and caring for others who are victims of war in Darfur, tornadoes in the American South, and famine in Somalia. Why would she be more likely to help the lady parked near her whose car has a flat tire?

Accepted Answer

A)   Thoughts of helping are cognitively accessible after listening to the album.
B)   Listening to the album increased her desire to get rewards and credit for being helpful.
C)   As it turns out, she is related to the lady whose car has a flat.
D)   She has nothing better to do.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

At Cornell and Vassar, students intervened in emergencies. In both cases, they __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   had learned about the barriers to helping in class
B)   had plenty of extrinsic motivation for helping in the form of cash rewards
C)   regretted getting involved d were not willing to help until someone else began helpingD) A) and C)
E) All of the above

Question 17

Recall that participants in an experiment described in the text (Toi & Batson, 1982)  listened to an (alleged)  radio interview in which a student in their introductory psychology class described an accident that caused her to fall behind in the course. Some participants were told that Carol would soon be returning to their class. According to the research, why is this referred to as a "high cost" condition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carol was still in a wheelchair, and it would be hard for her to get to class.
B)   Every time participants saw her, they would feel guilty if they didn't help her.
C)   Participants would have to go out of their way to copy their notes for Carol.
D)   Every time participants saw her, they would be able to empathize with her.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

According to the evolutionary psychology notion of kin selection, Bob is most likely to help his __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   cousin Herbert
B)   step-sister Sally
C)   brother Ralph
D)   best friend RandallE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the urban-overload hypothesis (Milgram, 1970) ? People who ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)   live in cities feel out of touch with others, so use helping as a way to "reach out"
B)   live in cities often feel overwhelmed, so simplify things by keeping to themselves
C)   visit cities from rural areas feel overwhelmed, so avoid the urban dwellers
D)   visit cities from rural areas feel isolated, so use helping as way to "reach out" to othersE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Explain what an altruistic personality is, and what research says about how this personality trait predicts behavior in helping situations.

Accepted Answer

The text explains that someone with an a...

Exam 11: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

In which of the following situations is Nathan, a local Christian pastor, most likely to help out?

Correct Answer
verified

Based on information about the urban overload hypothesis, where would you be more likely to receive help finding a lost child?

Correct Answer
verified

According to Latané and Darley (1970) , the first step in deciding to help in an emergency is __________.

Correct Answer
verified

A child starts to cry after she sees her best friend trip and scrape her knee. The child's behavior is most likely an example of __________.

Correct Answer
verified

Dima just finished listening to a charity album filled with songs about helping and caring for others who are victims of war in Darfur, tornadoes in the American South, and famine in Somalia. Why would she be more likely to help the lady parked near her whose car has a flat tire?

Correct Answer
verified

Whereas is any act performed to benefit another, is such an act performed with no regard for one's safety or interests.

Correct Answer
verified

Why are many biologists skeptical about the concept of group selection?

Correct Answer
verified

Explain what an altruistic personality is, and what research says about how this personality trait predicts behavior in helping situations.

Correct Answer
verified
The text explains that someone with an a...
View Answer

In explaining the process by which kin selection works to encourage altruism, evolutionary psychologists would argue that __________.

Correct Answer
verified

To ensure that community service participation for a school or job does not undermine people's intrinsic motivation for helping, an administrator should do which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

At Cornell and Vassar, students intervened in emergencies. In both cases, they __________.

Correct Answer
verified

The authors of your text explain that there are three main motives for helping others. They are __________.

Correct Answer
verified

In a study by Isen and Levin (1972) they found that people who had found 10 cents in a pay phone were more likely to help another person when the opportunity presented itself. They believed this happened because when you feel good, you are more likely to __________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following best describes the urban-overload hypothesis (Milgram, 1970) ? People who ___________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

According to the evolutionary psychology notion of kin selection, Bob is most likely to help his __________.

Correct Answer
verified

According to evolutionary theory (Darwin, 1859) , natural selection favors genes that promote individual survival. This tenet is most troublesome in explaining __________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is the best example of altruistic behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

Pluralistic ignorance is most likely to discourage intervention in an emergency when __________.

Correct Answer
verified

Based on evidence from studies presented in the chapter on evolutionary explanations of helping behavior, whom would you be the most likely to help if she had just spilled the contents of her purse?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 11: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

In which of the following situations is Nathan, a local Christian pastor, most likely to help out?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on information about the urban overload hypothesis, where would you be more likely to receive help finding a lost child?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Latané and Darley (1970) , the first step in deciding to help in an emergency is __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child starts to cry after she sees her best friend trip and scrape her knee. The child's behavior is most likely an example of __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dima just finished listening to a charity album filled with songs about helping and caring for others who are victims of war in Darfur, tornadoes in the American South, and famine in Somalia. Why would she be more likely to help the lady parked near her whose car has a flat tire?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Whereas __________ is any act performed to benefit another, __________ is such an act performed with no regard for one's safety or interests.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are many biologists skeptical about the concept of group selection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain what an altruistic personality is, and what research says about how this personality trait predicts behavior in helping situations.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe text explains that someone with an a...View AnswerShow Answer

In explaining the process by which kin selection works to encourage altruism, evolutionary psychologists would argue that __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To ensure that community service participation for a school or job does not undermine people's intrinsic motivation for helping, an administrator should do which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At Cornell and Vassar, students intervened in emergencies. In both cases, they __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The authors of your text explain that there are three main motives for helping others. They are __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study by Isen and Levin (1972) they found that people who had found 10 cents in a pay phone were more likely to help another person when the opportunity presented itself. They believed this happened because when you feel good, you are more likely to __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes the urban-overload hypothesis (Milgram, 1970) ? People who ___________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the evolutionary psychology notion of kin selection, Bob is most likely to help his __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to evolutionary theory (Darwin, 1859) , natural selection favors genes that promote individual survival. This tenet is most troublesome in explaining __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the best example of altruistic behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pluralistic ignorance is most likely to discourage intervention in an emergency when __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on evidence from studies presented in the chapter on evolutionary explanations of helping behavior, whom would you be the most likely to help if she had just spilled the contents of her purse?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Whereas is any act performed to benefit another, is such an act performed with no regard for one's safety or interests.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The text explains that someone with an a...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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