Question 1

The value of institutional review boards includes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  they provide expert advice on how to resolve ethical dilemmas present in some research
B)  since some researchers are not disinterested parties, IRBs offer outside judgments about ethical considerations
C)  they make sure that researchers are not overlooking the rights and well-being of their subjects
D)  all of the aboveE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

When the term "informed consent" is used in criminal justice research, it refers to some very specific ethical concerns.Discuss what is meant by "informed consent" and why it is important when engaging in research.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the term "informed consent" is used...

Question 3

Which of the following is a technique that works well when interviewing subjects about topics that may be emotionally or psychologically challenging?

Accepted Answer

A)  having the researcher ask questions from behind a curtain so that the subject does not see the interviewer
B)  asking the subject to respond to questions on a laptop computer
C)  putting the researcher in a disguise so that the subject does not know their identity
D)  put the subject in a disguise so that they cannot be identifiedE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Research involving observations of subjects involved in criminal activities may expose the researcher to ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research involving observations of subjects involved in...

Question 5

The benefits and burdens of participating in research should be distributed fairly.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Confidentiality and anonymity mean the same thing, so they can be used interchangeably.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the examples below would create an ethical dilemma when doing applied research that is evaluative in nature?

Accepted Answer

A)  In an attempt to measure the success of a prison pre-release program, the researchers measure re-arrests and re-convictions and determine those to be failures.
B)  Program staff of a pre-trial diversion program visit the homes of those awaiting trial on a nightly basis to make sure that they adhere to a curfew.
C)  Upon review of a juvenile probation department, researchers found that contact sheets, which are designed to keep track of both phone and personal interactions between the officer and the juvenile, in one probation officer's files were all dated June 15th.
D)  To measure the success of an adult drug treatment facility, researchers offered both the clients and the treatment staff confidentiality.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 8

Which of the following is not essential in maintaining confidentiality in field or survey interviews?

Accepted Answer

A)  remove names and addresses from data-collection forms
B)  keep a master identification file linking numbers to names so that at a future date, data can be corrected where necessary
C)  put the master file on the computer so that you do not leave paper copies of the file laying around
D)  only legitimate researchers should have access to the master fileE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Which of the following is not a key ethical issue addressed by informed consent?

Accepted Answer

A)  allowing the subject to weigh the benefits of participation against the potential risks
B)  ensuring that participation is voluntary
C)  making sure that all ethical problems are accounted for
D)  allowing police officers to use excessive force.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

A promise of anonymity is unlikely to be extended in which of the following techniques?

Accepted Answer

A)  use of department of corrections summary data
B)  personal interviews
C)  questionnaires that do not request identifying information
D)  anonymity is really impossible in all forms of researchE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 11

The researcher can lessen the potential for harm when doing research by _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  putting themselves in the line of danger to avoid harm to the participant
B)  never telling the subject about the potential of harm
C)  using field studies as the main source of research
D)  considering which study design to use with regard to its potential for harmE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

The research goal of voluntary participation may be impossible to follow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Criminal justice research has the potential for all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological harm
B)  physical harm
C)  embarrassment
D)  harm to the reader of the researchE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Deception of subjects is never appropriate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The word ethical means:

Accepted Answer

A)  conforming to the standards of conduct of a given profession or group
B)  conforming to the standards of conduct of religion
C)  conforming to the norms or standards of royal family
D)  conforming to the standards of conduct of what is seen in the mediaE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 16

The two main ways of promoting compliance with ethical principles are __________________ and ___________________.

Accepted Answer

codes of e...

Question 17

Haney, Banks, and Zimbardo's prison simulation examined whether the prison environment itself creates brutal, dehumanizing conditions unrelated to the kinds of people who live and work in the institutions.The term used to describe this explanation is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

situationa...

Question 18

Which of the following is necessary for establishing informed consent of research subjects?

Accepted Answer

A)  telling subjects the purpose of the research
B)  telling subjects about only the potential benefits of their participation in the research
C)  informing subjects about the possible risks and side effects of the research
D)  informing subjects about their rights to compensationE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following is not a purpose of institutional review boards?

Accepted Answer

A)  to determine whether adequate safeguards are in place to protect the welfare of human subjects
B)  to make sure that grant money is spent appropriately
C)  for judgments to be made about the overall risks to human subjects and to determine if these risks are acceptable
D)  to make sure that researchers have enough money for travelE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 20

According to federal regulations, which of the following represents special populations that need attention in the field of criminal justice?

Accepted Answer

A)  general public
B)  juvenile delinquents
C)  movie stars
D)  ParentsE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 2: Ethics and Criminal Justice Research

Research involving observations of subjects involved in criminal activities may expose the researcher to ____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not essential in maintaining confidentiality in field or survey interviews?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two main ways of promoting compliance with ethical principles are __________________ and ___________________.

Correct Answerverifiedcodes of e...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is not a purpose of institutional review boards?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A promise of anonymity is unlikely to be extended in which of the following techniques?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The value of institutional review boards includes which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Criminal justice research has the potential for all but which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is necessary for establishing informed consent of research subjects?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The researcher can lessen the potential for harm when doing research by _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the term "informed consent" is used in criminal justice research, it refers to some very specific ethical concerns.Discuss what is meant by "informed consent" and why it is important when engaging in research.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The benefits and burdens of participating in research should be distributed fairly.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Confidentiality and anonymity mean the same thing, so they can be used interchangeably.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a key ethical issue addressed by informed consent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Haney, Banks, and Zimbardo's prison simulation examined whether the prison environment itself creates brutal, dehumanizing conditions unrelated to the kinds of people who live and work in the institutions.The term used to describe this explanation is ____________________.

Correct Answerverifiedsituationa...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is a technique that works well when interviewing subjects about topics that may be emotionally or psychologically challenging?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the examples below would create an ethical dilemma when doing applied research that is evaluative in nature?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The research goal of voluntary participation may be impossible to follow.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The word ethical means:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deception of subjects is never appropriate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to federal regulations, which of the following represents special populations that need attention in the field of criminal justice?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The two main ways of promoting compliance with ethical principles are and _.

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codes of e...
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situationa...
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