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In calling sports decisions,umpires and referees rarely change their decisions as a result of a player's objection.This may be an example of how


A) status produces psychological reactance.
B) a we-they feeling has evolved between professional sports players and officials.
C) the umpire or referee seeks to maintain emotional distance from players.
D) public commitment reduces susceptibility to social influence.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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When we go along with the crowd and act counter to our own beliefs and values,we are conforming because of


A) compliance.
B) acceptance.
C) normative influence.
D) informational influence.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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After President Bush announced his position regarding a possible war with Iraq,he was unlikely to change his mind.This most likely reflects the


A) we-they polarity between the political parties.
B) fact that public commitment reduces susceptibility to social influence.
C) fact that the high status of the office elicits a need for uniqueness.
D) fact that higher-status people are more susceptible to psychological reactance.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Asch's conformity experiments showed that most people


A) go along with others' decisions.
B) conform even when wrong.
C) tell the truth even when others do not.
D) become confused when confronteD.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Paula was feeling sad so she decided to go to a comedy club.After being around happy people for an hour,Paula left the club in a much better mood.This is an example of


A) the autokinetic phenomenon.
B) mood linkage.
C) acceptance.
D) the chameleon effect.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Cultural values influence conformity.It is more responsive to others' influences


A) in individualistic countries than collectivistic countries.
B) in collectivistic countries than individualistic countries.
C) in individualistic and collectivistic countries.
D) in neither type of country.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Kevin flosses twice a week.If told that other students at his college floss 10 times a week,research by Schmiege et al.(2010) suggests that Kevin


A) will not believe the researchers.
B) will intend to floss more often but ultimately continue to floss twice a week.
C) will begin flossing more often.
D) will floss less often.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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A concern for _______ produces normative influence,while a concern for _______ produces informational influence.


A) social image;being correct
B) being correct;social image
C) being correct;gaining status
D) social roles;authority figures

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Research on group size and conformity has shown that there is more conformity with


A) 4 people as a group than 2 people in 2 groups.
B) 3 groups of 6 people than 1 group of 6.
C) no difference in the number of people or groups.
D) more groups of smaller number of people.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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In Milgram's research,when the experimenter gave the commands by telephone instead of in person,full obedience


A) dropped to zero.
B) dropped to 21 percent.
C) dropped to 50 percent.
D) increased to 73 percent.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Asch's studies of conformity show that


A) most people are independent,free thinkers.
B) many people tend to conform even to temporary groups.
C) group norms never affect basic perceptual reports.
D) American's are more independent than Asians.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The psychological reactance theory may help explain why


A) drinking on campus is heavier for underage drinkers than for legal-age drinkers.
B) a toddler,ignoring a toy,protests and demands the toy back when a playmate begins to play with it.
C) the demand for and value placed on an object is greater when the object is perceived to be rare or hard to get.
D) All of the above

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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