Question 1

A 35-year-old male presents to the ER with a laceration on his left hand. The patient reports an hour ago he was working on renovations in his 1945 home, when an old board fell and injured his hand. The laceration is approximately 3 inches long and moderately deep. It appears that the cut was bleeding heavily, but he has stopped the bleeding by holding pressure on the site with an old t-shirt.
-The patient asks why the laceration is puffy,and has become itchy.Which of the following statements by the nurse is the most appropriate response?

Accepted Answer

A)  This is a normal response to injury.Blood has rushed to the area,fluid is leaking from the damaged vessels,and chemical mediators called cytokines are causing you to itch.
B)  This is a normal response to injury.Your body is building up pressure around the wound to stop the bleeding,and the wood likely left internal splinters that are causing you to itch.
C)  This is a concerning sign.I will call the doctor now to lance the swollen area,and in the meantime,I will apply hydrogen peroxide to the wound.
D)  This is a concerning sign.Edema and pruritus are early signs of gangrene.To help the swelling,hold your hand above your heart to decrease blood flow to the area.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 2

The most numerous WBCs that have multilobed nuclei and are very phagocytic are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  basophils
B)  eosinophils
C)  neutrophils
D)  monocytes
E)  lymphocytesF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

A person will typically experience the sensation of ________ when fever is starting to occur in the body.

Accepted Answer

A)  heat
B)  pain
C)  chills
D)  sweat
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 4

The four classic signs and symptoms of inflammation include all the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  redness
B)  warmth
C)  swelling
D)  pain
E)  chillsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Plasma cells ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  function in cell-mediated immunity
B)  are derived from T lymphocytes
C)  function in blood clotting
D)  produce and secrete antibodies
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 6

Which protein can be produced by a virus-infected cell,in order to communicate with other cells the need to produce antiviral proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Complement
B)  Albumin
C)  Interferon
D)  HistamineE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

The chemical found in tears and saliva that hydrolyzes the peptidoglycan in certain bacterial cell walls is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  lactic acid
B)  hydrochloric acid
C)  lysozyme
D)  histamine
E)  bileF) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

Inflammation,fever,phagocytosis,and antimicrobial molecules are considered innate because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  they are not antigen-specific; they contribute to host defenses regardless of the source of activation
B)  they are activated only if the system has encountered the antigen previously
C)  they are physical barriers that block the binding of pathogens to host tissues
D)  they operate independently of the first line of defense and the B and T lymphocytes in the third line of defenseE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Each of the following is involved in the migration of white blood cells except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemotaxis
B)  diapedesis
C)  motility
D)  vasodilation
E)  phagocytosisF) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following is mismatched dealing with inflammation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rubor-redness
B)  Calor-warmth
C)  Tumor-cancer
D)  Dolar-pain
E)  None of these are mismatched.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

Each of the following are physical barriers to pathogens except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  unbroken skin
B)  mucus
C)  hairs
D)  tears
E)  T cellsF) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 12

Which of the following fluid compartments is not a partner in immune function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bloodstream
B)  Extracellular fluid
C)  Lymphatic system
D)  Intracellular fluidE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

The circulating substances that affect the hypothalamus and initiate fever are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  complement
B)  interferons
C)  leukotrines
D)  pyrogens
E)  lysozymesF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

All of the following pertain to platelets except they ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  contain hemoglobin to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
B)  function primarily in hemostasis
C)  originate from giant multinucleate cells called megakaryocytes
D)  function in blood clotting and inflammation
E)  are not whole cells but are pieces of cellsF) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 15

The term ________ is given to any foreign substance that stimulates a specific immune system response.

Accepted Answer

A)  antibody
B)  allergen
C)  antigen
D)  foreign body
E)  None of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

During phagocytosis,intracellular digestion begins as soon as the phagosome is formed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following is not an event of phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diapedesis
B)  Chemotaxis
C)  Phagolysosome formation
D)  Destruction
E)  IngestionF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

All of the following pertain to interferon except it ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is a protein
B)  is produced by certain white blood cells and tissue cells
C)  includes alpha,beta,and gamma types
D)  inhibits viruses,tumors,and cancer gene expression
E)  increases capillary permeability and vasodilationF) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Plasma is also called lymph.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Overuse of disinfectants and antiseptics,as well as antibiotics,can result in inflammatory diseases stemming from an inadequate microbiome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

A person will typically experience the sensation of ________ when fever is starting to occur in the body.

Correct Answer
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Each of the following is involved in the migration of white blood cells except ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The four classic signs and symptoms of inflammation include all the following except ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following fluid compartments is not a partner in immune function?

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following pertain to platelets except they ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Plasma cells ________.

Correct Answer
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All of the following pertain to interferon except it ________.

Correct Answer
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Plasma is also called lymph.

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is not an event of phagocytosis?

Correct Answer
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During phagocytosis,intracellular digestion begins as soon as the phagosome is formed.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is mismatched dealing with inflammation?

Correct Answer
verified

The chemical found in tears and saliva that hydrolyzes the peptidoglycan in certain bacterial cell walls is ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Inflammation,fever,phagocytosis,and antimicrobial molecules are considered innate because ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The most numerous WBCs that have multilobed nuclei and are very phagocytic are ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The term ________ is given to any foreign substance that stimulates a specific immune system response.

Correct Answer
verified

The circulating substances that affect the hypothalamus and initiate fever are ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Overuse of disinfectants and antiseptics,as well as antibiotics,can result in inflammatory diseases stemming from an inadequate microbiome.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which protein can be produced by a virus-infected cell,in order to communicate with other cells the need to produce antiviral proteins?

Correct Answer
verified

Each of the following are physical barriers to pathogens except ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 12: Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

A person will typically experience the sensation of ________ when fever is starting to occur in the body.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following is involved in the migration of white blood cells except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The four classic signs and symptoms of inflammation include all the following except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following fluid compartments is not a partner in immune function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following pertain to platelets except they ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma cells ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following pertain to interferon except it ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma is also called lymph.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not an event of phagocytosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During phagocytosis,intracellular digestion begins as soon as the phagosome is formed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is mismatched dealing with inflammation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical found in tears and saliva that hydrolyzes the peptidoglycan in certain bacterial cell walls is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inflammation,fever,phagocytosis,and antimicrobial molecules are considered innate because ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most numerous WBCs that have multilobed nuclei and are very phagocytic are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term ________ is given to any foreign substance that stimulates a specific immune system response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The circulating substances that affect the hypothalamus and initiate fever are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Overuse of disinfectants and antiseptics,as well as antibiotics,can result in inflammatory diseases stemming from an inadequate microbiome.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which protein can be produced by a virus-infected cell,in order to communicate with other cells the need to produce antiviral proteins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following are physical barriers to pathogens except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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