Question 1

Virulence factors include all of the following except ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   capsules
B)   ribosome
C)   exoenzymes
D)   endotoxin
E)   exotoxinF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 2

Reservoirs include ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   humans
B)   animals
C)   soil
D)   water
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 3

A disease that has a steady frequency over time in a particular geographic location is referred to as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   epidemic
B)   endemic
C)   pandemic
D)   sporadic
E)   chronicF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Local edema,swollen lymph nodes,fever,soreness,and abscesses are indications of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   toxemia
B)   inflammation
C)   sequelae
D)   a syndrome
E)   latencyF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Which of the following is a direct contact method of microbe transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fomites
B)   Water
C)   Droplet nuclei
D)   Aerosols
E)   DropletsF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

All communicable diseases ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  are contagious
B)  only occur in animals
C)  are caused by microorganisms or their products
D)  are caused by vectors
E)  involve viruses as the pathogenF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Koch's postulates are easily satisfied for viral diseases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Hyaluronidase is a virulence factor in ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   amoebic dysentery
B)   ringworm
C)   clostridia
D)   cold virus
E)   diphtheriaF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

The term infection refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   microorganisms colonizing the body.
B)   contact with microorganisms.
C)   contact with pathogens.
D)   pathogens penetrating host defenses.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

The terms pathogenicity and virulence can be used synonymously because they both refer to an organism's ability to cause disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Your patient has a rash,a fever,and a very high white blood cell count.Blood specimens are taken,put into culture bottles,and sent down to the microbiology lab for incubation and analysis.Select the statement that best reflects why microbial analysis of blood is an important step in patient diagnosis.

Accepted Answer

A)   Microbial growth in blood samples may indicate sepsis.
B)   A few bacterial cells in a blood sample are no big deal and should be ignored. 
C)   Blood specimens are often obtained through poor aseptic technique by the healthcare worker: this is documentation of their failure to employ proper universal precautions.
D)   A lack of microbes in the blood means that the patient's health is critical.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 12

The initial,brief period of early,general symptoms such as fatigue and muscle aches is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   prodromal stage
B)   convalescent stage
C)   incubation period
D)   period of invasionE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Which of the following is the endotoxin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hemolysin
B)   Hyaluronidase
C)   Streptokinase
D)   Collagenase
E)   LipopolysaccharideF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

The stage of an infectious disease when specific signs and symptoms are seen and the pathogen is at peak activity is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   prodromal stage
B)   convalescent stage
C)   incubation period
D)   period of invasionE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

The skin's resident biota are localized to only the outermost superficial layer of the epidermis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The minimum number of microbes required for infection to proceed is termed a/an ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   virulence factor
B)   indigenous biota
C)   infectious dose
D)   endotoxin
E)   minimal doseF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

You are studying a newly identified infectious disease within a population.Think of the typical graph of the course of infection--incubation period through to convalescent period.The new disease reveals a course of infection characterized by fluctuating symptoms,with intermittent periods of invasion (acute period) between prodromal periods.The whole course of infection occurs over a period of months or even years.Based upon the information presented,select the statement that most accurately reflects this new infectious disease.

Accepted Answer

A)   This infectious disease exhibits latency.
B)   This is not an infectious disease at all.
C)   The host has immune problems and this is the typical course of a disease for that population.
D)   Viral infections always present with this type of disease course.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Treponema pallidum is the bacterium that causes syphilis.The gram-negative spirochete has never been cultured on bacteriological media.Select the statement that most accurately describes this disease-causing microbe.

Accepted Answer

A)   There is no way to perform an epidemiological study on this disease.
B)   Koch's postulates cannot be fulfilled for this disease.
C)   Because the bacterium cannot be grown, there is no way to characterize the organism as to staining features, biochemical test reactions, molecular testing, etc.
D)   There is no satisfactory way to identify the disease without being able to grow it.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

The dried residues of fine droplets from mucus or saliva that harbor and transmit pathogen are ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   fomites
B)   aerosols
C)   mechanical vectors
D)   droplet nuclei
E)   biological vectorsF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 20

Under certain circumstances,a person's resident biota can act as opportunistic pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 13: Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Virulence factors include all of the following except ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The dried residues of fine droplets from mucus or saliva that harbor and transmit pathogen are ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Koch's postulates are easily satisfied for viral diseases.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The term infection refers to

Correct Answer
verified

The minimum number of microbes required for infection to proceed is termed a/an ______.

Correct Answer
verified

All communicable diseases ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The terms pathogenicity and virulence can be used synonymously because they both refer to an organism's ability to cause disease.

Correct Answer
verified

The initial,brief period of early,general symptoms such as fatigue and muscle aches is the ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Local edema,swollen lymph nodes,fever,soreness,and abscesses are indications of ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Reservoirs include ______.

Correct Answer
verified

A disease that has a steady frequency over time in a particular geographic location is referred to as ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is the endotoxin?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a direct contact method of microbe transmission?

Correct Answer
verified

Treponema pallidum is the bacterium that causes syphilis.The gram-negative spirochete has never been cultured on bacteriological media.Select the statement that most accurately describes this disease-causing microbe.

Correct Answer
verified

Under certain circumstances,a person's resident biota can act as opportunistic pathogens.

Correct Answer
verified

Hyaluronidase is a virulence factor in ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The skin's resident biota are localized to only the outermost superficial layer of the epidermis.

Correct Answer
verified

The stage of an infectious disease when specific signs and symptoms are seen and the pathogen is at peak activity is the ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Virulence factors include all of the following except ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The dried residues of fine droplets from mucus or saliva that harbor and transmit pathogen are ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Koch's postulates are easily satisfied for viral diseases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term infection refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The minimum number of microbes required for infection to proceed is termed a/an ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All communicable diseases ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The terms pathogenicity and virulence can be used synonymously because they both refer to an organism's ability to cause disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The initial,brief period of early,general symptoms such as fatigue and muscle aches is the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Local edema,swollen lymph nodes,fever,soreness,and abscesses are indications of ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reservoirs include ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A disease that has a steady frequency over time in a particular geographic location is referred to as ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the endotoxin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a direct contact method of microbe transmission?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Treponema pallidum is the bacterium that causes syphilis.The gram-negative spirochete has never been cultured on bacteriological media.Select the statement that most accurately describes this disease-causing microbe.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Under certain circumstances,a person's resident biota can act as opportunistic pathogens.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hyaluronidase is a virulence factor in ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The skin's resident biota are localized to only the outermost superficial layer of the epidermis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The stage of an infectious disease when specific signs and symptoms are seen and the pathogen is at peak activity is the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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