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Which of the following is the payee's or last endorsee's signature and nothing else?


A) A special endorsement
B) An allonge
C) A blank endorsement
D) A qualified endorsement
E) A restricted endorsement

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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If an instrument is silent as to the time of payment,the Uniform Commercial Code presumes that it is a demand instrument.

A) True
B) False

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The first ________ of any amount deposited in a bank must be available to the depositor on the business day following the day of deposit.


A) $100
B) $200
C) $300
D) $500
E) $1,000

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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The party ordered to pay on a draft is the ________.


A) drawer
B) drawee
C) payee
D) assignor
E) assignee

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following was the result on appeal in The Twin City Bank v.Kenneth Isaacs,the case in the textbook in which the bank appealed a judgment against it for significant damages after the bank wrongfully held funds of depositors who had been the victim of check forgery?


A) The bank could not be held liable for damages because it was recouping its own losses.
B) The bank could not be held liable under the common law because of its contractual agreement with the depositors,and the Uniform Commercial Code was inapplicable to the facts of the case.
C) The bank could be held liable,but only up to $1,000.
D) The bank could be held liable for actual damages,but not for mental anguish.
E) The bank could be held liable for financial losses and mental anguish.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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A party who possesses a negotiable instrument payable to that party or to the bearer of the instrument is a ________ of the instrument.


A) holder
B) assignee
C) delegatee
D) drawee
E) bailee

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Yard Mowing.Paula agreed to mow John's yard once a week for $50 per week throughout the summer.Paula,however,was having trouble getting her money from John.On one occasion,he gave her a handwritten IOU stating "I,John Jones,owe Paula Smith $50" which he signed at the end.A couple of weeks later,John did not have the money with which to pay Paula for additional mowing,and he handwrote the following on a piece of paper and gave it to her: "I,John Jones,promise to pay Paula Smith or to bearer,the sum of $100 on Monday,July 22,2017." Paula quit mowing John's yard,and disgusted with John,Paula assigned both documents to Vince.When Vince presented the documents to John,John refused to pay on the basis that after inspecting the yard,he decided that Paula was doing a poor job.Vince told him the documents constituted negotiable instruments,but John disagreed.What is the effect of the instruments being written by hand?


A) Handwriting does not prevent the instruments from being considered negotiable,but only because neither Paula nor John would be considered merchants in the transactions at issue.
B) Handwriting does not prevent the instruments from being considered negotiable,but only because John would not be considered a merchant in the transaction at issue and Paula's status as a merchant is irrelevant.
C) Handwriting does not prevent the instrument from being considered negotiable,but only because Paula would not be considered a merchant in the transaction at issue and John's status as a merchant is irrelevant.
D) Handwriting does not prevent the IOU instrument from being negotiable,but it does prevent the other instrument from being negotiable.
E) The issue of the instruments being handwritten does not prevent either from being considered negotiable.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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A bank may determine that ________ or later is the cutoff hour for handling checks.


A) noon
B) 1:00 p.m.
C) 2:00 p.m.
D) 12:30 p.m.
E) 10:00 a.m.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is a substitute for cash?


A) A negated instrument
B) A promised instrument
C) A negotiable instrument
D) A promissory agreement
E) A negotiable oral promise

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Used Car Commission.William promised to sell Helen's car for her,but he wanted a commission of 10%.Helen signed an instrument promising to pay William a 10% commission if he sold her car.William assigned the agreement to Phil.Helen's car was sold and the buyer paid Helen.A dispute ensued between Helen and William regarding whether William found the buyer or the buyer found Helen.When Phil asked Helen for payment on the instrument,Helen refused.William,Helen,and Phil settled their dispute without going to court,and Helen wrote Phil a check for $3,000.Phil endorsed the check on the back,planning to take it to the bank the next day.Unfortunately,Phil lost the check and it was found by Barry,who cashed it at the local bank.Barry then left town.Which of the following is true regarding the instrument signed by Helen promising to pay William a 10% commission if he sold her car?


A) The instrument is negotiable.
B) The instrument is not negotiable,but only because it is based on a condition.
C) The instrument is not negotiable,but only because Helen is not a merchant.
D) The instrument is not negotiable,but only because it is not for a sum certain.
E) The instrument is not negotiable because it is based on a condition and also because it is not for a sum certain.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following types of commercial paper requires only a delivery of the instrument to the holder by the payee?


A) A bearer instrument
B) An unqualified instrument
C) An order instrument
D) An unconditional instrument
E) A certified instrument

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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An instrument that reads "Pay to the order of Jones or Green" is payable to ________ payees.


A) joint
B) concurrent
C) consecutive
D) alternative
E) mutually exclusive

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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A(n) ________ bank is a bank other than the first bank and the last bank in the check collection process that receives a transferred check.


A) depositary
B) certifying
C) wholesale
D) intermediary
E) on-us

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Book Payment.Molly and Pat signed a contract providing that "Pat will furnish the correct used business law book for use in Molly's business law class; and in return,on August 15,2017,Molly promises to pay Pat $50 for the book." Molly took the book and planned to pay Pat.Meanwhile,Pat properly assigned the contract Molly had signed to Jack.When Molly went to class,however,she discovered that the book was the incorrect book.When Jack asked Molly for payment,Molly refused.Molly told Jack that the book was useless to her and that she was not paying either him or Pat anything for it.Jack told Molly that he had an enforceable assignment in the form of a negotiable instrument and that he could collect regardless of whether the book was useless.Molly did not believe him.Continuing with her attempt to save money on books,Molly agreed to buy Tim's United States history book for $40.She had an oral agreement with Tim that he would give her the book and that she would pay him in three days.This time Molly got the right book.Tim,in writing,properly assigned the right to the $40 payment to Richard.Richard asked Molly for the money.Molly admitted her agreement with Tim but told Richard that she was not going to pay him because he did not have a negotiable instrument.Molly also purchased a communications book from Sam promising in writing to give him in return the next day,to his order,a used DVD player she owned.What is the effect of Molly agreeing to give Sam a DVD in return for the book?


A) Molly and Sam have an enforceable contract,and Molly has also satisfied the negotiability condition regarding the form of payment.
B) Because payment is not for a sum certain in money,Molly and Sam do not have an enforceable contract nor does the agreement satisfy the negotiability requirement.
C) Molly and Sam have an enforceable contract,but the agreement fails to satisfy the negotiability requirement that payment be for a sum certain in money.
D) Because payment is not for a sum certain for money,Molly and Sam do not have an enforceable contract; but the requirement of negotiability regarding the form of payment has been satisfied.
E) Unless Sam acknowledges in writing that the fair market value of the DVD is equivalent to the value of the book he provided to Molly,the contract is not enforceable nor is the agreement negotiable.

F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

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What is the difference between a demand negotiable instrument and a time negotiable instrument?

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Notes and drafts can either be demand in...

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For an instrument to be negotiable,the instrument must indicate that it was created for the purpose of being ________.


A) transferred
B) paid
C) withdrawn
D) deposited
E) retained

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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A person who creates an endorsement is called a(n) ________.


A) assignor
B) transferor
C) transferee
D) endorser
E) endorsee

F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

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A(n) ________ check is a check that is accepted at the bank at which it is drawn.


A) cashier's
B) certified
C) qualified
D) unqualified
E) third-party

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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A negotiable instrument is not a substitute for cash.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following are types of unqualified endorsements?


A) Blank and special
B) Conditional and special
C) Restrictive and blank
D) Qualified and blank
E) Qualified and special

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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