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In principal-principal conflicts (conflicts between controlling shareholders and minority shareholders) ,the ownership (of equity) is _____________.


A) widely dispersed
B) controlled almost completely by management
C) concentrated
D) often held by employee stock ownership programs

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The risk of being acquired by hostile raiders is often referred to as the takeover constraint.

A) True
B) False

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Rules and regulations,rather than culture or rewards,would be used for strategic control at which type of company?


A) software developer
B) stock brokerage firm
C) manufacturer of mass produced products
D) high tech research facility

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Research has shown that executives who have large holdings of stock in their firm were more likely to have diversification strategies more consistent with shareholder interests,like increasing long-term returns.

A) True
B) False

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Changes in board of director configurations since 1987 indicate that board directors were paid more in 2011,were older,were likely to be female and were independent from the company (not insiders).

A) True
B) False

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What are the characteristics of short-term objectives? Provide examples of practical applications of these characteristics by organizations.

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Conditions that must be met for principal-principal (PP) conflicts to occur include all of the following except _____________.


A) a dominant owner or group of owners who have interests that are distinct from minority shareholders
B) legislation that protects the interests of minority shareholders
C) a motivation for the controlling shareholders to exercise their dominant position to their advantage
D) few formal (such as legislation or regulatory bodies) or informal constraints that discourage or prevent the controlling shareholders from exploiting their advantageous positions

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following is not an example of how organizational culture exerts behavioral control?


A) Culture helps maintain control by creating behavioral norms.
B) Culture generates unwritten standards of acceptable behavior.
C) Culture encourages individual identification with the organization and its objectives.
D) Culture sets explicit boundaries.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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The traditional approach to strategic control is sequential.Which of the following is not one of the steps in the sequence?


A) Action plans are submitted by lower level managers.
B) Performance is measured against the predetermined goal.
C) Strategies are implemented.
D) Strategies are formulated and top management sets goals.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Individual and institutional shareholders have the same rights that include all except one of the following.Which one is not a shareholder right?


A) the right to sell stock
B) the right to vote the proxy
C) the right to bring suit for damages, if the economy declines
D) certain residual rights following the liquidation of the company, once creditors and claimants are paid

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires that CEOs and CFOs of publicly-listed companies must reveal off-balance-sheet finances and vouch for the accuracy of information provided.

A) True
B) False

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Boundaries and constraints,when used properly,can minimize improper and unethical conduct.

A) True
B) False

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It is generally argued that the takeover constraint deters management from _____________.


A) engaging in opportunistic behavior
B) considering acquiring other companies
C) declaring dividends
D) increasing the level of borrowing of a firm

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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When firms like Siebel Systems,Disney,Oracle,and Microsoft separated the roles of CEO and chairman of the board,they were creating CEO duality.

A) True
B) False

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What are the advantages and disadvantages associated with using traditional approaches to strategic control?

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In order to minimize the temptation for managers to act in their own self-interest,governance mechanisms exist for implementation consideration.Which of the following is not a primary means for monitoring managerial behavior?


A) a board of directors that acts in the best interests of shareholders to create short-term value
B) shareholder activism in which owners view themselves as shareowners
C) a board of directors that acts in the best interests of shareholders to create long-term value
D) managerial incentives to align management interests with those of the stockholders

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The primary participants in corporate governance do not include _____________.


A) the shareholders
B) the financial institutions
C) the management (led by the chief executive officer)
D) the board of directors

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The traditional approach to strategic control relies on feedback from performance measurement to formulate strategy.

A) True
B) False

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Contemporary strategic controls involve comparing actual performance to predetermined goals.

A) True
B) False

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Boundaries and constraints are just used to maintain order in an organization and have little effect on the strategic priorities of the organization.

A) True
B) False

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