Question 1

If you were studying archaea which are found in an anaerobic environment such as the mud found in swamps,you would be studying what?

Accepted Answer

A)  halophiles
B)  lichens
C)  methanogens
D)  thermoacidophiles
E)  cyanophilesF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 2

If you were a biologist studying how an RNA virus such as HIV can attack and infect a human cell which contains DNA,you would be studying which of the following enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA transcriptase
B)  RNA polymerase
C)  DNA transcriptase
D)  DNA polymerase
E)  reverse transcriptaseF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

Which of these is the most accurate description of a virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  a noncellular organism
B)  a type of bacteria
C)  a member of the Kingdom Virusae
D)  a cell at the boundary between living and nonliving things
E)  a chemical complex of RNA or DNA protected by proteinF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following is true for a hypothesis about the origins of life other than the prebiotic soup hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It hypothesizes that the Earth had a reducing atmosphere.
B)  It hypothesizes there was abundant energy.
C)  Iron sulfides are needed to facilitate this chemical reaction.
D)  It is supported by the works of Miller and Urey.
E)  Water vapor,nitrogen,carbon dioxide,and other chemicals were needed to facilitate this chemical reaction.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Bacteria reproduce asexually by means of

Accepted Answer

A)  transduction.
B)  conjugation.
C)  transformation.
D)  endospore formation.
E)  binary fission.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

Which of the following groups of organisms would be used in gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria
B)  Archaea
C)  Viruses
D)  Protists
E)  FungiF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Bacteria that live within the root nodules of plants exhibit a type of symbiosis called

Accepted Answer

A)  mutualism.
B)  commensalism.
C)  parasitism.
D)  anaerobic.
E)  predation.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

If you were a microbiologist studying what happens to some bacteria when faced with unfavorable environmental conditions,you would be studying

Accepted Answer

A)  transduction.
B)  conjugation.
C)  transformation.
D)  endospore formation.
E)  binary fission.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

If you are a biologist studying the chemical composition of the bacterial cell wall,which of the following organic molecules would you find in high concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)  cellulose
B)  peptidoglycan
C)  chitin
D)  proteins
E)  ribosomesF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 10

The innermost core of a virus's structure is made up of

Accepted Answer

A)  a membrane envelope.
B)  both DNA and RNA.
C)  either DNA or RNA.
D)  a protein capsiD.
E)  a protein spore coat.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 11

Which statement is least essential in defining a retrovirus?

Accepted Answer

A)  It may insert in many places in the host genome.
B)  It contains the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
C)  It contains an enzyme to carry out the transcription of RNA to DNA.
D)  It contains a genome of RNA.
E)  Viral DNA remains in the host genomE.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

What is the correct order of stages which must have occurred in evolutionary history for complex cells to have evolved?

Accepted Answer

A)  macromolecules,small organic molecules,protocells,cells
B)  small organic molecules,macromolecules,cells,protocells
C)  small organic molecules,inorganic chemicals,protocells,cells
D)  small organic molecules,macromolecules,protocells,cells
E)  macromolecules,inorganic chemicals,cells,protocellsF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

How did the atmosphere of the early Earth differ from that of the Earth today?

Accepted Answer

A)  There was water vapor.
B)  There was nitrogen (N2) .
C)  There was no oxygen (O2) .
D)  There was no carbon dioxide (CO2) .
E)  There was no lightning.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Which stage of viral reproduction takes place when the DNA and capsids are assembled together?

Accepted Answer

A)  the attachment stage
B)  the penetration stage
C)  the biosynthesis stage
D)  the maturation stage
E)  the release stageF) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 15

Viruses and bacteria can be used as biological warfare agents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct order of stages in the lytic cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment,penetration,biosynthesis,maturation,release
B)  attachment,biosynthesis,penetration,maturation,release
C)  attachment,maturation,biosynthesis,penetration,release
D)  attachment,penetration,maturation,biosynthesis,release
E)  attachment,biosynthesis,maturation,penetration,releaseF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

The first true cell would have had

Accepted Answer

A)  a membrane only.
B)  a nucleic acid only.
C)  metabolism only.
D)  a membrane and metabolism but no nucleic aciD.
E)  a membrane,a nucleic acid,and metabolism.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

The capsid of a virus is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA.
B)  protein.
C)  DNA.
D)  cellulose.
E)  lipid.F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 19

-This figure shows the basic structure of a virus.What does "c" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  a spike
B)  DNA
C)  a capsid
D)  a fiber
E)  a protein unitF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

A biologist is studying the type of bacteriophage reproduction which does not immediately occur,but may take place sometime in the future,called

Accepted Answer

A)  the attachment cycle.
B)  the lytic cycle.
C)  the maturation cycle.
D)  the integration cycle.
E)  the lysogenic cyclE.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Exam 17: Evolution of Microbial Life

The capsid of a virus is composed of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How did the atmosphere of the early Earth differ from that of the Earth today?

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Viruses and bacteria can be used as biological warfare agents.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the correct order of stages which must have occurred in evolutionary history for complex cells to have evolved?

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If you were a microbiologist studying what happens to some bacteria when faced with unfavorable environmental conditions,you would be studying

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Which of the following is true for a hypothesis about the origins of life other than the prebiotic soup hypothesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is least essential in defining a retrovirus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were a biologist studying how an RNA virus such as HIV can attack and infect a human cell which contains DNA,you would be studying which of the following enzymes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you are a biologist studying the chemical composition of the bacterial cell wall,which of the following organic molecules would you find in high concentration?

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Which of the following groups of organisms would be used in gene therapy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria that live within the root nodules of plants exhibit a type of symbiosis called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The innermost core of a virus's structure is made up of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is the most accurate description of a virus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria reproduce asexually by means of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the correct order of stages in the lytic cycle?

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-This figure shows the basic structure of a virus.What does "c" represent?

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A biologist is studying the type of bacteriophage reproduction which does not immediately occur,but may take place sometime in the future,called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which stage of viral reproduction takes place when the DNA and capsids are assembled together?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were studying archaea which are found in an anaerobic environment such as the mud found in swamps,you would be studying what?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first true cell would have had

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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